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Which among the following is not included in seven PS of marketing mix given by Booms and Bitner?

Booms and Bitner extended McCarthy's 4 Ps of marketing (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) to the 7 Ps of services marketing by adding three service-specific elements:…

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Which among the following is not included in seven PS of marketing mix given by Booms and Bitner?

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Booms and Bitner extended McCarthy's 4 Ps of marketing (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) to the 7 Ps of services marketing by adding three service-specific elements: People, Process, and Physical Evidence. Politics is not part of the 7 Ps framework.

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