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Which of the following can be the source of primary data research?

Question and options

Which of the following can be the source of primary data research?
  1. Published statistics
  2. Reference books
  3. Survey and experiment
  4. Survey and reference

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: C - Survey and experiment
Primary data are collected first-hand by the researcher, for example through surveys (questionnaires, interviews, observation) and experiments. Published statistics and reference books report data someone else has already gathered, so they are secondary sources. The pairing of survey with reference fails for the same reason.

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