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The intensity of the Rayleigh line is proportional to

Question and options

The intensity of the Rayleigh line is proportional to
  1. Square root of the molecular polarizability
  2. Square of the induced dipole moment
  3. Square root of the induced dipole moment
  4. Inverse of the molecular polarizability

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: B - Square of the induced dipole moment
The Rayleigh scattered intensity is proportional to the square of the induced (oscillating) dipole moment, I∝ω4μind2I \propto \omega^4 \mu_{\mathrm{ind}}^2 with μind=αE\mu_{\mathrm{ind}} = \alpha E. It is therefore not proportional to the square root of the dipole moment or of the polarizability, nor to the inverse of the polarizability.

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