Which of the following are true with respect to the recording of evidence by video conferencing, as…

In State of Maharashtra v. Praful B. Desai (2003), the Supreme Court held that ongoing judicial interpretation must adapt to societal and technological advancements and that recording witness testimony by video conferencing satisfies the statutory requirement of recording evidence in the presence of the accused. This principle is now expressly codified in Section 2(1)(e) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (formerly Section 3 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872), which includes statements given electronically in oral evidence and electronic or digital records in documentary evidence, and in Section 308 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (formerly Section 273 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973), which expressly provides for taking evidence in the presence of the accused or his advocate including through audio-video electronic means. Statements C and D are therefore false, and only A and B are true.