What is the limit of the sentence of imprisonment that a Magistrate of the second class may pass?

Under section 29(3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, a Magistrate of the second class may pass a sentence of "Imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year", or of fine (up to five thousand rupees after the 2005 amendment), or both. Two years exceeds that limit, six months understates it, and the Magistrate is not confined to passing a fine.

Current law: section 23(3) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 keeps the one-year limit, raises the fine limit to ten thousand rupees and adds community service.