Unlawful assembly has been defined in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 under:

Under Section 189(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (formerly Section 141 of the IPC), an assembly of five or more persons is designated an 'unlawful assembly' if the common object of the persons composing that assembly is any of the five unlawful objects specified therein. Section 3(5) BNS (formerly Section 34 IPC) deals with acts done by several persons in furtherance of common intention, Section 190 BNS (formerly Section 149 IPC) provides for constructive liability of every member of an unlawful assembly for offences committed in prosecution of the common object, and Section 191 BNS (formerly Section 146 IPC) defines rioting.