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Under Section 2(1)(f) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, the term "fact" encompasses:

Section 2(1)(f) covers things, states or relations of things that can be perceived by the senses, and mental conditions of which a person is conscious. A factum probandum is…

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Under Section 2(1)(f) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, the term "fact" encompasses:

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Correct answer C

Section 2(1)(f) covers things, states or relations of things that can be perceived by the senses, and mental conditions of which a person is conscious. A factum probandum is a principal fact to be proved. A factum probans is an evidentiary fact used to prove it. Either can be a fact within that definition. Sections 2(1)(g) and 2(1)(k) separately define facts in issue and relevancy.

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Option A

The definition also covers facts used to prove a fact in issue.

Option B

The definition also covers the principal facts that are to be proved.

Option C

A principal fact to be proved and a fact that helps prove it can each satisfy the statutory definition.

Option D

The provision covers observable matters and conscious mental conditions. A conclusion of law is a different matter.

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