The case of Kashmira Singh v. State of Madhya Pradesh relates to:

Kashmira Singh addresses the evidentiary use of a co-accused’s confession. It cannot be the foundation of conviction against another accused; the court first assesses the independent evidence and may use the confession only to lend assurance to evidence otherwise sufficient if believed. This is distinct from the admissibility exclusion for a confession to police and from dying declarations or privileged communications.

Current law: For proceedings governed by the BSA from 1 July 2024, the new statute applies; pending proceedings remain under the Evidence Act by BSA section 170. BSA section 24 retains the joint-trial co-accused confession rule and additionally explains specified deemed joint trials involving an absconding accused. The need for independent evidence remains significant.