Rule of estoppel is contained in Section.... of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023.

The rule of estoppel is in s. 121 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (formerly s. 115 of the Indian Evidence Act): a person who has intentionally caused another to believe a thing and act on it cannot later deny the truth of that thing in proceedings between them. Section 116 makes birth during marriage conclusive proof of legitimacy, s. 124 deals with who may testify, and s. 126 makes the parties to a civil suit and their spouses competent witnesses.