In which of the following offences may the court take cognizance without the previous sanction of the…

Under Section 217(1)(a) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (formerly Section 196(1)(a) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973), previous sanction of the Central Government or of the State Government is required for taking cognizance of any offence punishable under Chapter VII (including Section 152), Section 196, Section 299, or Section 353(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023. An 'Offence under Section 254 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.' (formerly Section 216A IPC, penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits) is not covered by Section 217(1) and does not require such previous governmental sanction.