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For the purposes of the confession provisions of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (Sections 22 to…

In Pakala Narayana Swami v. King Emperor (1939), Lord Atkin speaking for the Privy Council laid down the classic definition of a confession—applicable to Sections 22 to 24…

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For the purposes of the confession provisions of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (Sections 22 to 24), in which one of the following cases did the Privy Council express the classic view that a statement, in order to constitute a "confession", must either admit in terms the offence or at any rate substantially all the facts which constitute the offence?

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In Pakala Narayana Swami v. King Emperor (1939), Lord Atkin speaking for the Privy Council laid down the classic definition of a confession—applicable to Sections 22 to 24 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (formerly Sections 24 to 30 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872)—holding that a statement must either admit in terms the offence, or at any rate substantially all the facts which constitute the offence, and that an admission of a gravely incriminating fact is not of itself a confession.

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