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For the purposes of section 229 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, when a court lawfully directs an…

A lawful court direction and conduct under the court’s authority bring the investigation within Explanation 3. The investigation need not be conducted before the court.

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For the purposes of section 229 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, when a court lawfully directs an investigation and it is conducted under the court’s authority, how is the investigation treated?

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Answer and explanation

Correct answer C

A lawful court direction and conduct under the court’s authority bring the investigation within Explanation 3. The investigation need not be conducted before the court.

Option feedback

Option A

Explanation 3 expressly treats this investigation as a stage of a judicial proceeding.

Option B

A lawful direction and court authority suffice under Explanation 3, which requires no separate designation.

Option C

The explanation expressly applies even when the investigation does not take place before the court.

Option D

Appearance before the court is not required under Explanation 3.

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