Direction to the police to investigate under Section 225 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023

The proviso to section 225(1) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (formerly section 202(1) CrPC) says that where the complaint has not been made by a court, no direction for investigation shall be made unless the complainant and the witnesses present (if any) have been examined on oath under section 223. So the direction "Cannot be given without examining the complainant on oath". The examination must come first, so the direction is not optional before it, and section 225 does allow such a direction once its conditions are met.