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Consider the following statements in the context of the law of criminal conspiracy in India: (a)…

Conspiracy requires an agreement between at least two people, but only one of them may be tried and convicted if participation by another is proved. The blanket claim that…

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Consider the following statements in the context of the law of criminal conspiracy in India:
(a) Conviction of a single person for the offence of criminal conspiracy is bad in law
(b) The law on conspiracy has been described as the least systematic and the most irrational branch of English penal law
(c) Section 120A and 120B of IPC (now section 61 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023) have brought the law of conspiracy in India in line with the English law
(d) Offence of criminal conspiracy is an exception to the general law that regards that intent alone does not constitute crime

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Correct answer D

Conspiracy requires an agreement between at least two people, but only one of them may be tried and convicted if participation by another is proved. The blanket claim that every conviction of a single person is invalid is therefore wrong. The remaining statements describe the historical criticism of English conspiracy law and the Indian offence's focus on an unlawful agreement. Mere private intention is insufficient; agreement to commit an offence is what attracts liability.

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