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A truck hits a pedestrian. A witness sees the truck speed away but does not see the impact. While still…

Section 4 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 treats closely connected facts as part of the same transaction. The pedestrian’s immediate, spontaneous account meets that…

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A truck hits a pedestrian. A witness sees the truck speed away but does not see the impact. While still at the scene, the injured pedestrian immediately and spontaneously tells the witness how the truck hit them. Which rule in the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 directly makes the spontaneous utterance itself relevant on these facts?

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Answer and explanation

Correct answer C

Section 4 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 treats closely connected facts as part of the same transaction. The pedestrian’s immediate, spontaneous account meets that condition even though the listener did not see the impact.

Option feedback

Option A

Section 5 addresses an occasion, cause or effect of a relevant fact or fact in issue. The basis for admitting this utterance is its close connection to the collision.

Option B

Section 7 can make identity facts relevant. This statement describes how the collision occurred and gives no registration number.

Option C

The immediate spontaneous utterance is sufficiently connected to the collision to form part of the same transaction under section 4.

Option D

Section 160 concerns corroboration of a witness’s testimony. The pedestrian’s utterance is relevant as part of the same transaction, regardless of whether the pedestrian testifies.

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