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A tiger carries away Z. A fires at the tiger in good faith to save Z, knowing the shot is likely to…

Section 30 covers a good-faith act for a person’s benefit when consent cannot be obtained. The rescuer can take a known risk of death to prevent death or grievous hurt…

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A tiger carries away Z. A fires at the tiger in good faith to save Z, knowing the shot is likely to kill Z but having no intention to kill Z. There is no opportunity to obtain Z’s consent. The shot fatally wounds Z. What is A’s liability under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 for Z’s death?

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Answer and explanation

Correct answer C

Section 30 covers a good-faith act for a person’s benefit when consent cannot be obtained. The rescuer can take a known risk of death to prevent death or grievous hurt without intending to kill the person. Illustration (2) gives this tiger rescue as an example.

Option feedback

Option A

A rescue shot aimed at a tiger does not supply an intent to murder a human that can transfer to Z. The good-faith exception directly applies.

Option B

A acts to rescue Z in the exact circumstances covered by the exception. The facts do not establish an attempted murder of Z.

Option C

Section 30(b) allows a good-faith rescue act known to risk death when done to prevent death or grievous hurt. Illustration (2) gives these facts.

Option D

The conduct is specifically excepted under section 30. The known risk alone does not establish criminal liability in this rescue.

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