In which one of the following cases the Supreme Court of India has recognised transgender persons to be…

In National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India (2014) the Supreme Court recognised transgender persons as a "third gender" and upheld their right to self-identify their gender under Articles 14, 15, 16, 19 and 21. The answer is "National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India"; NALSAR is a university, and Suresh Kumar Koushal v. Naz Foundation concerned section 377 IPC.

Current law: The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act 2019 later established statutory recognition and certificate procedures. Act 3 of 2026, commenced 25 May 2026, narrowed the statutory definition in section 2(k), omitted the self-perceived-identity entitlement in section 4(2) and revised the certificate procedures. This is a statutory change; it does not mean that legislation has overruled the constitutional holding in NALSA.